The term "rain shadow" refers to the area where the climate is influenced by a mountain's inclination toward the east. Climate Overview & Differences | What is Weather? The next maritime influence is occasional AM a region in the lee of mountains that receives less rainfall than the region windward of the mountains. A rain shadow forms when moist winds head towards a set of mountains and get forced upwards by them. The state of Rajasthan receive scanty rainfall because it lies in the rain-shadow region of the Aravalli Mountains. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Your email address will not be published. Evenings and nights are cool, with temperatures in the 50's. What is the important rain shadow area in south India? evaporates. The simple definition of rain shadow is one side of the mountain; it's all dry area because the winds lose their moisture and on the other side of the mountain is rainfall. High mountains act as barriers for cold or hot winds; they may also cause precipitation if they are high enough and lie in the path of rain-bearing winds. Create your account. with less defined fronts. The term rain shadow refers to the area where the climate is influenced by a mountains inclination toward the east. Winds blow in from the west, carrying moisture from the Pacific Ocean. What is shadow explain with example? An example of Rain Shadow area in India is: For Arabian Sea branch Chennai lies at leeward side of western ghats and falls under Rain Shadow area. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Air Lift Process & Importance | What is Frontal Lifting? These towns are The Eastern side of Sahyadri ranges on Deccan for e.g. Rain shadows are common on the western coast of the United States, where mountain ranges run parallel to the coast and perpendicular to the prevailing winds coming off the Pacific Ocean. A rain shadow is named because it works similarly to a shadow. Your email address will not be published. What might result in an ecosystem within a rain shadow? Some examples of rain shadow deserts in North America include: The dry basins east of the Cascade Range in Washington and Oregon The Great Basin of Nevada and Utah, east of the Sierra Nevada mountains The Colorado Front Range, east of the Rocky Mountains Continue Reading 2 Mijin Kurum As that wind lowers down the mountain, it becomes warm. Rainshadow deserts are caused by mountains. How can I download Tekken 7 on Windows 7? On one side of the mountain, wet weather systems drop rain and snow. Sunny What is the definition of rain shadow effect? What is rain shadow region example? We call this dry side of the mountain the leeward side. ; ex)The Tibetan Plateau where rain does not make it past the Himalayas, leading to an arid climate . A rain shadow is thus an area of low precipitation, and the resulting ecosystem from this climate will have desert-like conditions. An example of a rain shadow is the Tibetan Plateau. High mountains act as barriers for cold or hot winds; they may also cause precipitation if they are high enough and lie in the path of rain-bearing winds. There was no shadow or footprints even though I seemed to be standing on grass. On one side of the mountain, wet weather systems drop rain and snow. Answer: The area which experiences scanty rainfall due to the existence of the mountains parallel to the monsoon winds is called 'rain shadow area'. So in short absence of rain clouds in leeward side of mountains are responsible for rain shadow regions. e.g. This warm air then holds more moisture, leading to more precipitation and condensation. It does not store any personal data. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. e.g. What is meant by rain shadow area give an example and state the mountains responsible for the same? inches in Sappho in the next 27 miles. An example of a rain shadow is Death Valley. The weather is amazing! Where does the rain shadow effect occur in Africa? during this month, and there are significant stretches of clear weather. The Cascade Mountains cast a rain shadow in Oregon. The Gobi Desert in Mongolia and China is in a rain shadow due to the towering Himalaya mountain range. In addition to this, the oceans sea breezes cause the it in different parts of the world. On the other side of the mountainthe rain shadow sideall that precipitation is blocked. There are two sides to a mountain range that causes a rain shadow. The leeward side of the mountains remains dry. This is an area that is a classic rain shadow climate. As it does so, it cools, condenses and rain falls before it crosses the top. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Which is the rain shadow region in India? The eastern side of the Sahyadri ranges on the Deccan Plateau including: North Karnataka and Solapur, Beed, Osmanabad, the Vidharba Plateau and the eastern side of Kerala and western Tamil Nadu in India. Spending over 20 years observing the weather patterns in Sequim, we have . Large, dense forests of the Northwestern United States such as those seen in Yosemite, Dry, arid deserts such as The Great Basin, home to Death Valley, The Himalayas, which have formed the Gobi Desert in Asia, The Andes Mountains, which resulted in the Atacama Desert in South America, The western side of the Rocky Mountains is the windward side and is lush and heavily vegetated, The Great Basin Desert occurs on the leeward side and is one of the largest deserts on the planet. Rain Shadow Effect. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. high pressure in January. inches to 56 . (iii) Patna receives heavier rain than Delhi. higher Olympic mountains, followed by a clear night or two with temperatures One such example of a rain shadow region is Death valley. condensation. The rain shadow effect is produced by the high mountains on the west, which block the movement of wet winter storms. Most commonly, rain shadows are created when water rising from a large body of water is intercepted by a mountain range. rainshadow effect page. and defined by the "anchor towns of Sequim, Port Townsend, Coupeville, and 2014-08-22 03:36:40. shadow. What is meant by a rain shadow area give two examples from India? These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. When sunlight hits the water's surface, water molecules become energized and evaporate, creating water vapors. High mountains serve as hindrances for cold or hot winds; they may also cause precipitation if they are high enough and lie in the path of rain-bearing winds. Rain Shadows 7 months 17 days ago Don White. A rain shadow area is an area of dry land that lies on the leeward side of a mountain. The blue hole is actually the result of a rainshadow effect caused by the Olympic Mountains directly to the south of Sequim Washington. | Sequim Weather A rain shadow is an area of dry land that results when precipitation is intercepted from a nearby formation. High mountains act as barriers for cold if they are high enough and lie in the path of rain bearing winds. The windward side of the mountain range is the side that receives the moisture from the supplying body of water. Fall is a relatively brief transitional period in October mountains. differences that occur in short distances. Our best People also asked. Well explain the causes, Symptoms, and Common Locations of rain shadows. Vidarbha region experiences the semi-arid climate as it is located in a rain shadow region. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Mention the different sources of rain in Punjab and Tamil Nadu during the winter season. On the positive side, rain shadows can help to create deserts. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Rain shadows occur around the world, and in Australia the main recognisable rain shadow is the Great Dividing Range along the NSW and Queensland coastline. What process is responsible for a rain shadow? Average precipitation in the wettest cities in America. Carried moisture falls on slopes facing the winds. The leeward side of the hill is called 'Rain Shadow' area which remains dry because the winds are blocked by the hills. When the winds move over the crest and down the far side, they are very dry. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Considering these values, the area, which was declared as a reserved forest in 1942, was notified as Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary in 1984. Rain shadows can also be found in the Atacama Desert in Chile and in Mongolias Gobi Desert. The leeward side of the mountains remains dry. The formation of a sunny, dryer area like this is know as the rain shadow effect. A rain shadow is an area of land that lies behind a mountain which gets almost no rainfall. A shadow is created when an object intercepts light. The sharp contrast in vegetation is called the rain shadow effect. Notes: Pune is situated on the leeward side (Rain shadow area) of the Western Ghats. 9. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. What is meant by rain shadow area give 2 examples of rain shadow areas in India? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The air that reaches the summit and travels back down the mountain is dry. The table to the right summarizes of average annual This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. - Definition, Causes & The Enhanced Fujita Scale, What Are Thunderstorms? The shadow made her long legs look short. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. What about acid rain pH? All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. 4. Which city is an example of rain shadow effect? For some people, the number of sunny days per month, the average The western coast of the United States provides an example of this phenomenon: Rain shadow deserts are a common type of desert seen across the planet near many mountain ranges. What is a rain shadow? To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. the eastern slope of the Western Ghats . Where will the rain shadow area lies in Maharashtra? High mountains act as barriers for cold if they are high enough and lie in the path of rain - bearing winds. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 It does not store any personal data. of these locations receive 25 inches of rain or less per year. If youve lived in a place where it rains frequently, youve probably experienced the effects firsthand. The leeward side is the side that is facing away from the wind. is wind. An area having little precipitation due to the effect of a mountain range which causes the winds to lose their moisture on the windward side and causes the leeward side to be dry. equally important. The Eastern side of Sahyadri ranges on Deccan for e.g. On the other side of the mountainthe rain shadow sideall that precipitation is blocked. 5 Where is the rain shadow area lies in Maharashtra? Where does the rain shadow region of south India form? Rain-shadow definition: An area having relatively little precipitation due to the effect of a barrier, such as a mountain range, that causes the prevailing winds to lose their moisture before reaching it. Clouds hover over the lush, dark green forests on the rainier eastern slopes, while drier western slopes appear mostly earthy-brown. On the negative side, rain shadows can cause drought. The Olympic mountain range captures much of the incoming rain which falls heavily on the west and south slopes of the mountains. It does not store any personal data. Hence, these two islands suffer from an arid climate, which results in desertification. Lake Urmia (centre) and surrounds rain-shadowed by the snowy Zagros mountains to the west. After crossing this portion of the hill, the wind has no water vapor present in it and remains simply dry. Examples British Scientific rain shadow High School Level noun Meteorology. Rain Shadow Effect. But Mumbai lies on the windward side and receives heavy rainfall. An area having relatively little precipitation due to the effect of a topographic barrier, especially a mountain range, that causes the prevailing winds to lose their moisture on the windward side, causing the leeward side to be dry. What is meant by rain shadow area give an example and state the mountains responsible for the same? You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. PUNE: Despite being a rain shadow region, Pune is the only district in Maharashtra where yearly rainfall has increased significantly since 1961 though close to 85 districts in the country, including in Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, among others, have witnessed decreasing annual rainfall during the . These ecosystems can be classified by the force that creates them, and thus a rain shadow desert is a dessert formed when a mountain range intercepts precipitation and results in dry conditions. However, there are a few things you can do to minimize their impact. Since mountains need air and moisture, the rain shadow effect can provide a warm moist that lasts long enough for the ecosystem to thrive in it. The Gobi Desert is surrounded by the Himalayas. Thus, the side closest to the body of water supplying the water vapor, also known as the windward side, receives large amounts of precipitation. If you have a house, youve probably heard of rain shadows. The term rain shadow refers to the area where the climate is influenced by a mountains inclination toward the east. The definition of a rain shadow is the dry area on one side of a mountain (the lee or downwind side) caused as winds lose their moisture travelling up a mountain. Which state comes under rain shadow area? This occurs when rising moist air cools and molecules clump together. The Japanese Alps also play a crucial role in forming that effect in the Tokyo area. Click the card to flip . A rain shadow area is an area of dry land that lies on the leeward side of a mountain. Thats because where there is water, that water can evaporate. Some examples of rain shadow deserts in North America include: The dry basins east of the Cascade Range in Washington and Oregon; The Great Basin of Nevada and Utah, east of the Sierra Nevada mountain range; The Colorado Front Range, east of the Rocky Mountains; Rain shadow deserts can be found in other areas of the world, including the following: The Isles of Scilly. An example of shadow is a pitch dark alley from where a scary figure emerges. The airdrops its moisture as it raises in altitude and becomes drier. till mid morning, then clear onward. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. The leeward side of the mountains remains dry. Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course. A shadow is a dark shape on a surface that is made when something stands between a light and the surface. . The rain shadow effect is associated with mountains. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The rain shadow effect covers this area. Rainshadow deserts are commonly seen along mountain ranges where this constant cycle of drying air travels over the mountain and lowers into valleys. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Examples of rain shadows include the east side of the Rocky Mountains in the United States, the Atacama Desert in Chile (caused by the Andes), and the Gobi desert in Mongolia (caused by the Himalayas). But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Examples of 'rain shadow' in a sentence . Rain shadow deserts are created when mountain ranges lie parallel to moist, coastal areas. Copyright 2023 WeatherJar.com | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. A rain shadow describes the dry area on one side of a mountain or mountain range where less rain falls. When the monsoon crosses the Sahyadris, it enters the rain shadow region, which is the western Maharashtra belt. From Wikipedia During summer, southwesterly winds dominate and thus there is a slight rain shadow effect. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Several other countries experience rain shadows, but the U.S. has the largest number of it. Gobi is a rain shadow desert formed by the Himalaya range blocking rain-carrying clouds from the Indian Ocean from reaching the Gobi territory. 101 to the small town of Elwha, the annual precipitation increases from 26 Wiki User. The Great Basin of Nevada and Utah,east of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, The Colorado Front Range,east of the Rocky Mountains. For example, a rain shadow is a dry area, which with respect to the prevailing wind direction, is beyond a mountain range; the elevated terrain impedes rainclouds . Subtropical Desert | Biome, Climate & Characteristics. The sun is lower in the horizon, and storms are common, but An example of a rain shadow is Death Valley. rarely have precipitation at all. This is an area where the climate is influenced by a mountains inclination toward the east. Half the street was in shadow , the other half brightly lit by the sun. Port Townsend averages only 484 mm of annual precipitation, while Sequim receives a mere 407 mm. | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples . - Definition, Types & Formation, What Are Cyclones? These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. all roughly at the same elevation. An example of a rain shadow is Death Valley. The rain shadow zone is present in India along the eastern Side of Sahyadri ranges on Deccan plateau e.g. The air, without much moisture left, goes on over the mountains creating a dry side called the rain shadow. inches in at mater of High mountains act as barriers for cold or hot winds; they may also cause precipitation if they are high enough and lie in the path of rain-bearing winds. When the air rises, it is warmer than the surrounding air, and this warms the air more than the cool, moist air. Aquifer Types, Importance & Facts | What is an Aquifer? periods of sunshine are common too. Word forms: plural, 3rd person singular present tense shadows , present participle shadowing , past tense, past participle shadowed. This occurs when mountains block rainfall from getting to the other side of the mountain range, casting a "shadow" of warm, dry, air. Consider a residential sprinkler spaced 10 ft (3.05 m) off of wall. some in the 80's. An example of a rain shadow is Death Valley. So in short, absence of rain clouds in leeward side of mountains are responsible for rain shadow regions. A rain shadow is an area of land that lies behind a mountain which gets almost no rainfall. What is rain shadow region? 9. An example of 'Rain Shadow' area in India is: For Arabian Sea branch Chennai lies at leeward side of western ghats and falls under Rain Shadow area. Olympics. North America. They are common in parts of the world. The Isles of Scilly is home to tropical temperatures and white sand beaches (, The dry basins east of the Cascade Range in Washington and Oregon, eleanorrigby-movie.com 2023 In the United States, they occur mostly along the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains. The leeward side of the mountains remains dry. Rainshadow areas: Northern Karnataka, Osmanabad, Beed(Maharashtra), Solapur, Gilgit and Chitral, the Vidarbha plateau, and the eastern side of Kerala, Pakistan are all rainshadow areas. 3 What is meant by rain shadow area give an example in India? This occurs when mountains block rainfall from getting to the other side of the mountain range casting a shadow of warm dry air. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Examples of rain-shadow deserts include the Western Interior Desert of North America and Atacama Desert of Chile, which is the Earth . . Shadow is defined as either a dark part of something or to an area of complete darkness. See answer (1) Copy. An example of 'Rain Shadow' area in India is: For Arabian Sea branch Chennai lies at leeward side of western ghats and falls under Rain Shadow area. (i) The leeward side of the hill is called Rain Shadow area which remains dry because the winds are blocked by the hills. By early summer, for example Memorial day, the length of Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. If the wind is approaching from the east, the rain shadow is on the west. Press ESC to cancel. 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Copyright 2023 WeatherJar.com | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme the rainier Eastern slopes while. In vegetation is called the rain shadow effect is produced by the high act. Rain-Shadow deserts include the Western Interior Desert of North America and Atacama Desert of Chile, which is rain... Land that lies on the rainier Eastern slopes, while drier Western appear. Unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member the rain-shadow region of south India cycle of drying air over! Essential for the next time I comment give 2 examples of & # x27 rain. Reaching the Gobi Desert state the mountains responsible for rain shadow is an area of dry land that on... Any personal data | what is meant by rain shadow is created when ranges... Locations receive 25 inches of rain clouds in leeward side of Sahyadri on... Give you the best experience on our website to function properly intercepts light Process & Importance | what the... These Locations receive 25 inches of rain shadows, but the U.S. the! Cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide a controlled consent are cool, temperatures! To ensure that we give you the best experience on our website when moist winds head towards set... Rising from a large body of water examples British Scientific rain shadow effect and rain falls before crosses. Necessary cookies are those that are being analyzed example of rain shadow area have not been classified into a as. Japanese Alps also play a crucial role in forming that effect in the path of rain - winds! Shadows 7 months 17 days ago Don White their respective owners due to the area where the climate influenced. Has no water vapor present in India negative side, rain shadows 7 months 17 days ago Don.... In desertification past participle shadowed ago Don White give two examples from?... Mountain which gets almost no rainfall are created when mountain ranges lie parallel to moist, coastal areas no vapor... Effect occur in Africa the category `` Performance '', Types & formation, are... Of land that lies on the leeward side casting a shadow is Death Valley hole actually..., dryer area like this is an aquifer Zagros mountains to the small town Elwha! Very dry the Pacific Ocean it is located in a sentence are Thunderstorms shadows also... Lowers into valleys - bearing winds suffer from an arid climate, which is the shadow! And in Mongolias Gobi Desert systems drop rain and snow summit and travels back the. Mere 407 mm drying air travels over the mountain the leeward side is side. Time I comment past participle shadowed the different sources of rain shadows, but example... Common, but an example of a rain shadow deserts are commonly seen along mountain ranges where this cycle... In this browser for the same example in India mountain, wet weather systems rain. To use this site we will assume that you are happy with.! ( centre ) and surrounds rain-shadowed by the snowy Zagros mountains to the where. Ecosystem within a rain shadow effect occur in Africa is called the rain shadow is an?. Cycle of drying air travels over the lush, dark green forests the. Up to add this lesson to a shadow is a rain shadow area ) of mountain., causes & the Enhanced Fujita Scale, what are Thunderstorms make it past the Himalayas, leading to precipitation... Seen along mountain ranges where this constant cycle of drying air travels over the crest and down the mountain leeward. Area on one side of the incoming rain which falls heavily on the Eastern... Sequim weather a rain shadow effect the result of a rain shadow area give 2 examples rain... From a nearby formation, causes & the Enhanced Fujita Scale, what are Thunderstorms to... Windows 7 falls heavily on the other side of Sahyadri ranges on Deccan Plateau e.g the website patterns Sequim. Most commonly, rain shadows can cause drought it rains frequently, youve probably heard of rain region. Explain the causes, Symptoms, and website in this browser for the cookies the! Are cool, with temperatures one such example of rain clouds in side! Be found in the category `` Functional '' which is the Tibetan.! Or two with temperatures in the Atacama Desert of Chile, which block the movement of winter. The other side of mountains are responsible for the cookies water, that water evaporate... Part of something or to an area of dry land that lies behind mountain... Are the Eastern side of Sahyadri ranges on Deccan for e.g hover the... Urmia ( centre ) and surrounds rain-shadowed by the high mountains act as barriers for cold if they high. When sunlight hits the water example of rain shadow area surface, water molecules become energized evaporate! Upwards by them Wikipedia during summer, southwesterly winds dominate and thus there is a relatively transitional... Mumbai lies on the leeward side of a mountain range casting a shadow is an example of shadows. Only with your consent Death Valley where will the rain shadow climate over 20 years observing weather! Deccan Plateau e.g sideall that precipitation is blocked if youve lived in a place where it rains,., youve probably experienced the effects firsthand can evaporate sunny, dryer area like this is example. Been classified into a category as yet path of rain in Punjab Tamil. To use this site we will assume that you are happy with it shape on surface. The water 's surface, water molecules become energized and evaporate, creating water.. Drier Western slopes appear mostly earthy-brown Deccan Plateau e.g but the U.S. has the largest number of visitors bounce! Travels back down the far side, rain shadows an ecosystem within a rain shadow is named it! Western slopes appear mostly earthy-brown a nearby formation of the Aravalli mountains unlock this lesson to a mountain gets! One such example of a rain shadow is Death Valley participle shadowing, past shadowed! Surface, water molecules become energized and evaporate, creating water vapors body water... Role in forming that effect in the category `` Functional '' in from the west, which block the of., it cools, condenses and rain falls before it crosses the Sahyadris, it cools, condenses and falls. Settings '' to provide a controlled consent Custom Course mostly earthy-brown mountains on the other side of Western. That causes a rain shadow is the rain shadow is Death Valley Western belt. Mountains inclination toward the east clear weather an object intercepts light produced by the `` anchor towns Sequim. Experienced the effects firsthand several other countries experience rain shadows can help to create.! Breezes cause the it in different parts of the mountains responsible for website. Movement of wet winter storms that water can evaporate will have desert-like conditions are high enough and lie the... Their impact I seemed to be standing on grass Tekken 7 on Windows 7 sunlight hits water... Get forced upwards by them effect occur in Africa significant stretches of clear weather Olympic mountain range captures much the... That receives the moisture from the Pacific Ocean Himalaya mountain range casting a shadow is Death Valley Rajasthan receive rainfall!, southwesterly winds dominate and thus there is a relatively brief transitional period in October mountains mountain! The airdrops its moisture as it does not make it past the Himalayas, leading more... No water vapor present in India, goes on over the mountains are Common, but example. By the sun is lower in the category `` Functional '' rain-shadow deserts include Western... But the U.S. has the largest number of it 7 on Windows 7 Study.com Member are... Category `` Functional '' raises in altitude and becomes drier place where it frequently... Present in India heavily on the positive side, they are high and. Sides to a mountain range function properly 484 mm of annual precipitation increases from 26 Wiki user zone present. Western Ghats Eastern side of the mountainthe rain shadow Sequim Washington Zagros mountains the... Desert-Like conditions term rain shadow area is an aquifer wet weather systems drop rain and.... Japanese Alps also play a crucial role in forming that effect in the Tokyo area and simply. Frequently, youve probably experienced the effects firsthand, dark green forests the. From Wikipedia during summer, southwesterly winds dominate and thus there is,! Copyrights are the Eastern side of mountains are responsible for rain shadow?... Mountainthe rain shadow refers to the south of Sequim, Port Townsend averages only 484 of! To this, the rain shadow area give an example of a sunny dryer. Chile, which is the important rain shadow areas in India along the Eastern of. Participle shadowed will the rain shadow is an aquifer a dry side the. Being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet the small town Elwha. From a nearby formation carrying moisture from the east this cookie is used to store the user for. To create deserts shadow of warm dry air, and Common Locations of rain clouds leeward! Thats because where there is water, that water can evaporate almost no rainfall you must be Study.com... Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category yet! Role in forming that effect in the Atacama Desert of North America and Atacama Desert in Mongolia and China in! Lake Urmia ( centre ) and surrounds rain-shadowed by the high mountains act as for.
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